Loud and Clear-er

As a sort of Christmas gift to myself, I made a couple upgrades to the audio of our home theater a few months ago and I’m finally getting around to putting up a note about it. You may be thinking, “what, didn’t you just build all that just a couple years ago?” Well, true, but all the audio gear was existing equipment we’ve had for several years. The speakers came in a theater-in-a-box type package so they weren’t particularly great. The receiver in the set was actually pretty decent, but it long pre-dates HDMI connections, HD resolutions, and the new audio formats (like Dolby TrueHD). I never had any complaint with sound quality of the original setup, but I suspected it was a tad muddled in general and somewhat underpowered in the center channel. The one place I did invest when building the basement was with a quality subwoofer. I got it second-hand off eBay, but it’s a 150W, 12inch, THX-certified monster. The sub by itself greatly improved the original sound by adding strong support to the small satellite speakers. With this upgrade I was looking at keeping the sub, replacing the satellites and receiver, and rewiring components.

I knew I wanted to stick to a satellite speaker system, and honestly, for quality sound there aren’t a ton of options. After reading many reviews I decided on the Prestige line by Mirage. Mirage is one of only a handful of manufactures that really does a nice job with small form factors. They use a unique design in which the majority of the sound is reflected before reaching the listener. The effect is one where the sounds has less pinpoint directionality and the overall soundscape is more seamless. Mirage has a couple different sets: the Nanosat set (recommended by gizmodo), and the  Prestige set which has a little higher efficiency (89dB/91dB) and a little more solid center speaker. Either can be purchased with or without a sub, and since I had didn’t need the sub I opted for the higher-end set. Luckily the website Vanns.com runs some great sales from time to time.

I was a little reluctant before buying them, especially since I couldn’t listen to them locally first hand (typically something I’d urge anyone to do). But once they were all mounted (which was a little tricky with these) and the audio rebalanced, the sound was notably better. At this point, I still had the same receiver, but I noticed more high end definition and more continuity across different frequencies and around the room.

The next step was to replace the receiver/amp. I’d been keeping an eye on the receiver market for a while. At a couple points I was close to either an Denon or an Onkyo, but a Harman Kardon eventually won me over. I went with the AVR 2600 which is a 7.1 receiver with a decent amount of power and support for all the latest audio formats like Dolby True HD and DTS-HD. Of course I’m only running the system as 5.1 now, but if I ever decide to add the two back speakers (which are already prewired) the amp with be ready for them. It’s also HK’s lowest end model that’ll handle video transcoding to 1080p using a respectable Faroudja processor.

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Fixing the Blu-Ray Blues

Not too long ago I moved my former PC of greatness down to its destined home, the basement AV rack. That was after a reconfiguration to Windows 7 RC and the addition of a spiffy new Blu-Ray (BD) drive and IR receiver. For the most part Win 7 is great, and the Media Center application is better than ever.

So I finally got to the point of actually trying out BluRay playback for the first time, and here’s what I got:

Well, crap! I spent a total of seven hours tracking down the source of the problem. My first expectation was the video driver, so I tried several clean installs of various versions. No luck. I thought maybe it had to do with some of the auxiliary applications I run (anyDVD and powerStrip), so I tried updating, then altogether disabling them. No luck. Maybe the actually software playing back the BD disc? I updated PowerDVD to the latest version. No luck.

With all the software options running out I started to suspect hardware. To eliminate the BD drive itself, I tried playing back a 1080p rip of Ironman. Sure enough it quickly threw up the same BSOD. So, it seemed there was a problem with 1080p video decoding in general. Wasn’t my trusty 7900 GT OC up to the challenge of BluRay decoding? After all, 720p videos were playing fine and it still had decent power for gaming last time I used it.

Google eventually led me to this thread where one guy recommended changing the K-Lite ffdshow configuration for H.264 decoding. Pretty obscure, but I did that and then tried to play the Ironman file and it worked great! So this was definitely pointing to something about the 1080p H.264 decoding as the problem. I tried to play a BluRay disc in the drive again and got another BSOD. See, changing the ffdshow decoder works fine for apps that use ffdshow (like Media Player Classic and VLC Player), but it’s not used by powerDVD which is one of the very few programs that reads BluRay discs well (i.e. support the latest BD features). Not only that, but ffdshow involves software decoding leading to much higher CPU utilization than with hardware acceleration.

From there I started reading about the basics of Windows hardware acceleration trying to understand why I was crashing during HiDef playback. DXVA (Direct X video acceleration) is Microsoft’s API for hardware acceleration and, in my case using an Nvidia card, PureVideo is the bit-stream link for DXVA to use the GPU for processing. DXVA was even enhanced on Vista and Win 7, so what gives? Turns out, my 7900GT features Nvidia PureVideo technology, but not their enhanced version, PureVideo HD (this was added in the 8 series GPUs). The original generation of PureVideo cards apparently handles MPEG-2 decoding very well, but the second generation handles H.264 1080p decoding much better.

So, I needed to upgrade the graphics card after all. I decided on a 9500GT which offers the hardware acceleration I needed at a pretty low price point. While I was at it, I went with a card that had a native HDMI jack and a large heatsink with no fan. It also has 512MB of RAM, up from the 256MB on my last card. Suddenly 1080p playback with hardware acceleration was a breeze and CPU usage dropped way, way down. The native HDMI connection is extremely nice, too – the picture is sized and centered perfectly (no more need for PowerStrip) and much sharper than VGA which I was using before.

Filed under Basement, Comp hardware / mods

Basement Update: DIY Screen in 10 Steps

So about a month ago I decided that before any Halloween prep began (which I’m now in the thick of) it would be a good time to build the projection screen. Remember, up to this point I’ve been just using the wall and I tested a couple shades of paint. And just to be extra helpful I thought I’d document my build in tutorial fashion.

Step 0. Determine the size

While not really part of the building process, I thought I’d start here since it can take a fair amount of thought and can greatly influence the building materials you use. If you’re looking at making a screen, you’re already under a certain set of constraints like the size of picture your projector can throw. This of course is a factor of where your projector is located, its zoom range, your room layout and so on. You should also consider your seating distance, and how that impacts viewing angle and pixel visibility. Then you need to consider the aspect ratio of the screen (4:3, 16:9, 2.35:1). There’s a bunch of great web pages on choosing a screen size, so I won’t go into all that.

What I will point out is that you want to consider your building materials as you pick a screen size. Lumber and paneling is easiest to get in 8′ lengths and king size sheets are only good for about 100″ wide. Given the building material factors I sized down from an initial 100″ wide to 96″ wide. That’s still 110″ diag for a 16:9 screen so it’s plenty large. Not only that, but the trim around the frame will add about 5″ to the width, leaving me with just a couple of inches of width left on each side in my space.

Step 1. Designing the frame

There are lots of ways to go about building the frame, but generally they all involve two-by lumber. The most important aspects of a good frame is that it is square and flat. It also must be sturdy enough to support and tension whatever screen material you use (in my case, a bed sheet).

I decided to make the frame from light gauge steel studs (like I used in framing the basement). They cost a couple bucks more than lumber, but they are perfectly straight, easily modified by tin snips (and without making a mess), and very lightweight. Weight isn’t a big factor one way or the other, but being able to easily move it around by myself and not having to go overboard when hanging it were pluses.

I bought 5 eight foot studs of the smaller width (near 2.5″) – four would create the frame’s border and one to span the center. I used the full 8′ lengths, to give me the 96″ viewable screen width, and trimmed two of the studs to 54″ for the screen height.

Step 2. Wood Meets Metal

The first step in building the frame was thinking ahead to how the sheet would later get stretched and secured. Fastening the sheet to the steel stub could be done, but it’d take more effort than using a staple gun. To make things easier I attached a 1’x2″ furring strip to one side of the studs using 1″ drywall screws. It’s better to add these wood strips sooner than later so they can be secured as the frame is built (otherwise the metal flange they are attached to may flex and the sheet won’t remain tight). You also have to take into account the additional 3/4″ (x2) this is adding to your stud width. I used this additional measure as an overlap area for the trim bordering the frame later. If you were going with a unframed/untrimmed screen you’d want to shorten the studs to keep your overall planned height and width.


Step 3. Get it Cornered

I snipped the ends of the 8′ foot studs to accommodate the other stud coming into the corner.

The resulting metal flap was used to help join the corner and stiffen the furring strip. A drywall square was helpful in keeping the corner properly square.


This continued for the other three corners until the main frame was together.

Step 4. Add the Brace

It’d be easy to go crazy adding more studs to stiffen things up, but I decided on a single stud to span the center. Besides adding some rigidity, this also gives us a place to secure the backing board in the middle of the screen. Like the corners, the side studs were trimmed to accommodate the center stud and everything was screwed together.

Step 5. The Backer Board

The next step is to put a solid surface across entire frame to help support the screen. I suppose you could skip this element, but it seems well worth adding given the rigidity it adds to the frame and the durability it adds to the screen. The backer doesn’t need to be very thick – I used 1/8″ hardboard. Since the screen height will be 54″ a single 4’x8′ sheet won’t quite do the job. Instead of using a full sheet and a flimsy 6″ strip from another, I ripped the two sheets into lengths 27″ wide. Keeping the backer boards as flat as possible on the frame I used short drywall screws to secure them to the frame and center stud.

Step 6. A Soft Underbelly

One more step before adding the sheet and that’s to add a layer of padding on top of the backer board. This layer help disguise any imperfections in the structure underneath (screw heads, slight gaps between the pieces of backer, etc). I think it also help make a smoother result when you get to stretching the sheet. One large package of quilt batting was perfect to cover the area. I used spray adhesive to attach the batting down to the backer board. The excess batting was then trimmed just a little past the edge of the frame.

Step 7. Finally, the Sheet

That brings us to the most important step, the projection surface itself. Even though you’ll be putting several coats of paint, you want the smoothest surface you can get. A high thread count is important, so it pays to shop around for a bargain on a top-notch sheet. Even more importantly, make sure the sheet doesn’t have any decorative stitching or textured patterns to it. I picked up a neutral colored, 850 thread count, king size for about $40 from a clearance rack. I gave the sheet a wash, spread it across the batting, and ironed it thoroughly. Heck, I ironed it a few times. I left the size long to be trimmed later (you’ll appreciate having the extra material to grab when stretching it).

To fasten the sheet I started by stapling the center of each side. The sheet was pulled down over the edge and stapled into the wood strips on the back side. After the four centers are secured, focus on one corner at a time. Work your way down two sides, from the side’s center, toward the corner. You really want to pull it tight as you go. My sheet ‘expanded’ and loosened during the painting step and I actually had to go around and unstaple, repull, and restaple – not fun! Pull the heck out of it first time!

To finish the corners, I just folded the sheet over to one side, similar to wrapping a present, and secured with a staple.

Step 8. Painting the Screen

If you end up doing a DIY screen I highly recommend doing a paint test so you can decide the best fit for your p
rojector, your room, and the amount of light you tend to have while watching something. From my earlier paint test I decided on using Behr Silver Screen flat indoor latex (the darker shade I tested). This shade is a good comprise between decent brightness, and reduced ambient reflection for good contrast. I used a high quality, 1/4″ nap roller to spread the paint. Avoid glopping it on too heavy, so you don’t saturate the batting underneath. It won’t cover well at first, but you’ll be applying many coats. I think I did about five coats and it only used about 1/3 of a gallon. After the first couple coats – by the time there’s decent coverage – I noticed the sheet had a fairly rough texture despite the high thread count. I used some P220 sandpaper to smooth things out between the remaining coats and the difference was remarkable. The finished, painted sheet feels more like vinyl than linen.

Step 9. Hang it up

I thought quite a bit about how to mount the screen. I wanted something that was very sturdy where the screen couldn’t be tilted if you brushed up against it. Remembering that the open sides of the studs face the wall, I decided to use a sort of ledger board out of leftover 1×2’s. The ledger actually fits inside the upper piece of the frame and the natural lip on the flange of the stud ensures the screen stays put. The ledger was long enough to be screwed into three wall studs.

Step 10. Adding the Trim

The final step was to attach a nice frame of some sort around the screen. Ideally, you want this frame to be black, completely non-reflective, and at least a couple inches wide. With the dark border the relative brightness of the screen’s picture really seems to pop. I chose to make the frame out of a style of door molding that very closely matches the frames of some art we have in the room. The pieces were miter cut, sprayed with flat black paint (a few coats), and assembled with L-brackets and 1/2″ screws on the back side. The frame was sized so the inside opening was right at 96″ by 54″ (remember that gives me 3/4″ overlap all around between the trim and the screen). The frame was attached with L-brackets on the side of the screen and front-facing velcro strips. The advantage of the velcro mounting is that the trim can be added while the screen is hanging (no need to screw it in from the back). There’s also an added benefit in case the screen ever needs to be taken down, that the frame is easy to first remove so you don’t need to lift the screen by the more flimsy trim.

Last Impressions

All together the cost was about $120 – half of that coming out of the sheet and the gallon of paint. The whole project took about a week, but mostly because I was just doing a coat of paint a night. I’m really happy with the final result. As you can see, the brightness is uniform (no hotspots) and the blacks are very dark. Watching those Bengals lose never looked so good!

Filed under Basement, Home DIY

Basement Update: sump + rack

Spent a few hours last weekend doing one of the last basement jobs remaining, and one I’ve put off for a long time…I finally got our backup sump pump all wired up. I plumbed it in ages ago, but haven’t been real excited to put the last bits together. It’s a small separate pump that sits next to the main pump in the pit. Each has its own discharge tube coming up, but then they “Y” together in the wall. The backup pump runs off battery power so in case the power’s out and the main pump can’t do it’s job, it’ll still keep the basement dry. A wall adapter keeps the battery charged and a small control panel provides battery/charger status and alarms. We’ve never had water problems in the basement, and the house sits generally high for the street, but there are times when the main sump runs a LOT. It’s one of those things that may never get used, but there’s much peace of mind in having it. To finish out the sump closet we applied some vinyl tile and baseboard. This may makes us one of the few people to ever finish out the area around their sump, but later we will be adding storage shelves in the upper part of the closet so we wanted it fairly presentable.

I also realized I hadn’t posted any pics of the finished electronics rack, which sits recessed in this closet. We installed a fairly typical steel pro audio rack to house the components. The small DVD shelves to the right of the rack were finished a couple weeks ago using some aluminum channel and 1/4″ birch.

The niche that the rack sits in is closed off to the inside of the closet to reduce sound from sump on the occasions when it kicks in. In order to access the back of the rack and the wiring, the whole rack actually slides out and rotates. Pretty sweet and extremely handy!

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Basement Update

Hey, remember that little project I’ve been working on for years (literally). Well, after a few weeks off, the work continues. Last weekend we put in a couple full days finishing trim, painting doors, installing door stops, installing a cable lighting fixture, and hanging a few shelves.

I searched high and low to find movie-related artwork that would be classier, or at least more unique, than the home theater movie poster cliche. These pop art paintings (acrylic on canvas) from a couple of our favorites, “The Shining” and “The Godfather”, really hit the mark.

Here’s a look at the corner of the room after a weekend of work hanging the lights and the shelves. Yes, the cables for the lights run through the ceiling bump out. It was tough fishing the wire through the finished drywall, but once it was done it all came just as I’d planned, so very long ago.

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Basement Update: Screen Test

As the basement creeps closer to completion, the task of building the movie screen nears. Of course there are all kinds of screens you can buy, but good ones are really pricey. Building one can save you a bunch of money and you can tailor it to exactly suit your space. Part of that tailoring process is choosing a paint.

The choice of paint color is actually pretty tricky. It’s a matter of optimizing picture quality – typically improving contrast without sacrificing brightness – for your specific projector and typical ambient light. Ambient light is a factor of all kinds of things, like how dark you keep the room while viewing, the color of adjacent walls and ceiling, choice of flooring, etc. You may think the brighter the picture the better, and as such a bright white screen would be ideal. But that’s usually not the case. With a very bright white screen ambient light is easily reflected and any dark colors in your picture are easily washed out. White screens are really only good in very dark environments or in cases where you need to increase your overall brightness at all costs (like in business applications in many cases).

My projector is LCD which inherently is pretty bright (even in “low lamp mode”) and has good, but not great contrast and black levels. LCD projectors shine light through LCD panels and even “off” pixels tend to let some light through so blacks are never pitch black. On the other hand, I like the fact that I can keep the lights up halfway and still have a very viewable picture – especially when watching sports. Still with the lights up at all the picture is prone to getting washed out. To make matters worse, our walls, ceiling, and floors are fairly light in color – a sacrifice I made to get the look we liked. So what do you do to compensate for (1) the LCD brightness and (2) a reasonable amount of ambient light? You use a gray screen. The question is “which shade of gray”?

After some research and good advice I’ve settled on two different shades to test. This week I taped off my screen area into thirds and painted the two shades and left the other third the white drywall primer that we’ve been watching movies on for a few months now.

Even though the painted wall doesn’t reflect the same as the eventual painted screen, I figured it’d still be fair to compare relative shades. For the viewing I watched all sorts of material (high def/standard, sports/movie scenes) at different room lighting levels. I also moved around the room to see if viewing angle had much effect (which it didn’t). I often used the freeze feature on the projector to keep a static image on the screen for consideration.

Here you can see a big difference even in a dark room between the white primer and the shades of gray paint (look at Barkley’s “black” jacket). Sure, the whites are darker as well, but it’s the blacks that really matter. They give depth to the picture and really make it come alive. As long as the contrast is set well whites will pretty much always look bright by comparison. Looking at the lighter gray (middle) to darker gray (right) it’s tough for me to distinguish much improvement one way or the other.

Now in a brighter room, the difference between the gray shades tends to pop up more. The darker gray is keeping the ambient reflection down (of course along with the picture itself) and a darker image is maintained. Here too you can really see how washed out the white screen would be (left).

So, is there a clear winner? I’m still debating. If the majority of viewing were to happen with the lights up, I’d lean to the darker shade. But since we tend to watch the projection more often than not in a darkened room, I’d say the lighter gray (middle) is appropriate and it avoids losing any shadow details. Stay tuned for a final decision…

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Basement Update

So things are still moving along down under. Trim is nearly finished (that means nailed up, caulked, painted, the whole 9). Last weekend I finally installed a cabinet and utility sink in the laundry room. Too bad we didn’t have it a few months ago when we were doing major painting. But it’s nice to have now! Also last weekend we (with the help of Slick) finally painted our last room. It’s a really small room, but with three different colors on the walls it took some time. Currently, we’re painting doors and waiting for carpet which will finish up the flooring. Soon that will leave only building the movie screen and some decorating. Still I wouldn’t be surprised if we’re not calling it “done” until July. We’re really only working down there a couple nights a week – and probably only every other week at that.

Here are some shots of the latest. First up, the hallway all trimmed out:

It took some time to figure out all these angles around the stairs!

Our exercise / hobby room – very hard to get a good photo cause it’s small:

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Basement Update

With the robotics season over, I’ve finally made a return to the basement. We’ve starting the trim work now. It’s a little funny transporting 16 foot pieces of molding with the Aztek, but it works. So far we’ve put casings on four doors (one to go) and put up all the base in the laundry room. Stay tuned for some pictures after we make a little more progress.

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Basement Update – Wet bar

During the flooring stint we also put up the backsplash tile behind the wet bar. After New Year’s I finished it up with caulk and the necessary touch up paint. The glass mosiac tile, motar, and grout were left over from the kitchen so this was a virtual freebie. So what’ll it be, shaken or stirred?

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Basement Update – Flooring

I had a bunch of vacation to use up before the end of year, so I decided to spend it getting the flooring installed in the basement. My Pop came down for about 4 days and we hammered though it.

First, we put about 90 sq feet of tile in the laundry room. As can be expected we had to cut a lot of tile (along all but one wall). My Dad was a sport manning the wet saw all day while I did all the knee work setting the tiles. Very happy with the finished product – probably a little too nice for a lower level laundry room, but why not.

Then it was on to the wood flooring covering the majority of the basement. I had picked out a type of flooring that has the ease of installation of laminate, but all the perks of real hardwood. The choice was Vanguard by Tarkett. Their tongue and groove planks consist of hardwood plies (like plywood) with a quality, prefinished ply on top. The planks tap (actually pound) together without the mess of glue and float on top a layer of foam underlayment. Meanwhile the crossed plies reduce expansion effects. Just like a traditional hardwoord strip floor, the planks can be sanded and refinished if ever needed in the future (not that I ever will!).

I choose a light shade (natural maple) to keep things modern and bring a bright, airy feel into the basement. It’s actually a real poor choice of flooring for a theater room, but I let design drive this decision. The challenges are that the smooth, hard floor accentuates reverberation and the light color causes more ambient reflection on the screen. I felt these weren’t super big problems since the sound can be improved with other furnishings and the picture quality can be optimized with the screen surface and projector settings.

Here’s a look with the underlayment down:

And here’s the finished result:

It took about 2 full days to lay the roughly 370 sq ft of wood, but man, are we happy with the results!

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